نص قرآني / حديث شريفScholars classify human actions into five rulings. Wajib (obligatory): rewarded when done and blameworthy when left. Mandub or sunnah (recommended): rewarded when done, not blamed when left. Mubah (permitted): neither reward nor blame in itself. Makruh (disliked): better to leave, but not sinful. Haram (forbidden): sinful when done, rewarded when left for the sake of Allah. A Bedouin once asked the Prophet ﷺ about Islam; after hearing the five prayers, the fast of Ramadan and zakat, he said he would not add to it or reduce from it, and the Prophet ﷺ said that he would succeed if he was true (Bukhari 46, Muslim 11). Some schools make finer distinctions: the Hanafi school, for example, separates fard (established by certain evidence) from wajib (established by probable evidence).